Within the new trends in cultural management in Europe, enterpreneurial spirit has a key position. In the processes of permanent change, only enterpreneurs can have a quick and adequate respons. And this spirit is not only for producers and managers of cultural industries, it is more and more needed even among administrators and animators of NGOs. In this paper I will defend the thesis that enterpreneurialship should be characteristics of both profit and non-profit sector, especially those non-profit organizations within the framework of civil society (associations, NGOs, fondations – the clarifications of notions is needed).
The enterpreneurialship today, in the countries of transition, is often considered as the magic word, which will contribute in short terms toward more substantial cultural change. In the same time, none of the laws or cultural policy instruments have been adopted to stimulate enterpreneurial spirit and demands.
On the other side, among cultural managers many questions have been raised:
Has enterpreneurialship in culture to be identified with commercialisation of lowest kind – taking in account the most successful business in cultural sphere on Balkans – producing neofolk music? Or entering of enterpreneurial spirit withinh non-profot sector would create of many NGOs and associations the »hungry seekers« of funds, which would stop to develop their own program, trying always to adapt their work to funding body demands. (or even to create projects after the announcement of the possibilities given by certain foundation, etc.).
In this paper for the conference, I will try to emphasize especially the importance of rising of enterpreneurial spirit in culture, especially in small cities and peripheral regions, because it gives mutual benefit toward cultural and economic sector. And special emphasis will be given to intecultural projects transborder project, today created as enterpreneurial vision of numerous NGOs.
Another important issue: How enterpreneurialship in culture should be supported by measures of both cultural and economic policy? The economic importance of culture is often neglected. But, culture is labor intensif, the working place costs less then in business, and especially it needs highly qualified labour, which today mostly is unemployed throughout countries in transition.
The economical system (through tax incentives) should support various forms of enterpreneurial in culture: production units (music production, film production, publishing…), services (casting agencies, web site agencies, design studios…), art & craft studios, commercial institutions (bookshops, galleries, etc.), educational units (drama studios, ballet, etc.)
To be developed, this sector demands favorable bank credits, and stimulating space rent system, and very quickly it will return to the city and region the visibility of investment and positive atmosphere within the city. Keeping highly educated people in the peripheral region by employing them in private cultural sector will keep also the business staff there, because culture will contribute to general raise of quality of life.

Milena Dragicevic Sesic works as professor at the School of Drama Arts, Belgrade University of Arts. She is Director of the Institute for the Theater, film, radio and television, School of drama arts, Belgrade.
Director of Summer School at Central European University, Budapest: Innovative cultural policies and cultural management in countries in transition.(www.ceu.hu)
She is Editor in Chief of the review Kultura (Belgrade).
Professor Dragicevic Sesic e-mail address is: msesic@yubc.net