'A Story of Deception' draws upon MoMA's unique and important collection of work by artist Francis Alys, who uses poetic and allegorical methods to explore the social realities of political concepts, including the cyclical nature of change in modernizing societies, the urban landscape, and patterns of economic progress. Organized in collaboration with Alys, the presentation at MoMA is conceptually grouped around three major recent acquisitions: Re-enactments (2001), When Faith Moves Mountains (2002), and Rehearsal I (Ensayo I) (1999 - 2001). The show expands to MoMA PS1 with a series of works that highlights the artist's engagement with cities around the globe, from London to New York to Venice.
Francis Alÿs: A Story of Deception, on view at The Museum of
Modern Art and MoMA PS1 beginning May 8, draws upon MoMA’s unique and important collection of
work by artist Francis Alÿs (Belgian, b. 1959), who uses poetic and allegorical methods to explore
the social realities of political concepts, including the cyclical nature of change in modernizing
societies, the urban landscape, and patterns of economic progress. Alÿs’s personal, ambulatory
explorations of cities form the basis for his practice, through which he compiles extensive
documentation reflecting his process, producing complex and diverse bodies of work that include
video, painting, performance, drawing, and photography. Organized in collaboration with Alÿs, the
presentation at MoMA is conceptually grouped around three major recent acquisitions—
Re-enactments (2001), When Faith Moves Mountains (2002), and Rehearsal I (Ensayo I) (1999–
2001)—each on view for the first time at the Museum. Using the mechanics of rehearsal and re-
enactment in urban environments, Alÿs comments on the politics of public space with both solitary
actions and large-scale collaborations, where the culmination of many small acts achieves mythic
proportions. Francis Alÿs: A Story of Deception is on view at The Museum of Modern Art and MoMA
PS1 from May 8 to August 1, 2011. The exhibition is organized by Klaus Biesenbach, MoMA’s Chief
Curator at Large and Director of MoMA PS1; and Cara Starke, Assistant Curator, Department of
Media and Performance Art, The Museum of Modern Art.
Francis Alÿs studied architecture in Tournai and Venice before moving to Mexico City in
1986, where he has lived since. While this displacement has provided him with a unique vantage
point on the country, Alÿs’s awareness of his outsider status is reflected in several of his projects.
Alÿs’s works frequently begin with an action performed or initiated by him that can be witnessed in
real time but also discovered through its documentation after the event. Large-scale installations
such as Re-enactments, When Faith Moves Mountains, and Rehearsal I (Ensayo I) contain each of
these aspects: the conceptualization and planning of the piece and action, the action itself, the
distillation of the action, the video documentation, and the related materials.
In 2001 in Mexico City, Alÿs performed Re-enactments, for which he purchased a 9mm
Beretta handgun and proceeded to wander around the city’s downtown with the loaded gun in hand.
After 11 minutes of walking, Alÿs was detained by the police and eventually released. With the co-
operation of the Mexican authorities, Alÿs re-enacted the very same scene one day later. Within
MoMA’s galleries, a two-channel video of the original action and its re-enactment are projected side
by side, while related drawings, maps, newspaper clippings, and photographs accompany the videos.
The video presentation of the action alongside its re-enactment underscores the ambiguities
between reality and fiction, while anticipating the way public safety came to dominate the social and
political debate within Mexico during the first decade of the 21st century.
For When Faith Moves Mountains, 500 volunteers in Lima, Peru, were equipped with shovels
and asked to displace a 550-yard-long sand dune, moving it four inches from its original location.
This work—Alÿs’s contribution to the 2002 Lima Biennale—stages a collective exercise in futility in
which hundreds of people attempt to move a mountain. The work raises questions about the
outcomes of social actions, highlighting how substantial efforts can be out of proportion with the
gains achieved. MoMA’s installation includes videos of the action, drawings, maps, and storyboards.
For Rehearsal I (Ensayo I), Alÿs staged a scene in which the driver of a Volkswagen Beetle
repeatedly attempted in vain to scale a dusty slope on the outskirts of Tijuana. The driver listened
to a tape recording of a musical rehearsal by a Mexican brass band and mimicked the recording,
starting and stopping as the band did. The installation includes several videos, paintings, and
drawings.
Additional bodies of work are also on view at MoMA, including Tornado (2000–10), which
was acquired by the Museum in 2011. For Tornado, Alÿs visited the highlands south of Mexico City
throughout the past decade in a repeated effort to chase the whirling dust storms that occur
annually in the region. With camera in hand, the artist attempted again and again to run directly
into a tornado to penetrate the eye of the storm. Culled from footage recorded over a period of 10
years, the video symbolically combines the sublime with the unattainable and can be considered a
metaphor for failed pursuits of utopian ideals, an unstable balance between order and chaos, and
man’s repeated attempts to persist despite inevitable consequences. Challenging the powers of
nature in a perplexing one-on-one confrontation, Alÿs recognizes human persistence and
emphasizes the necessity to pursue ideals however unattainable or seemingly absurd.
For Song for Lupita (1998), the artist has created an installation in which a film strip loops
continuously through a reel that extends up to the ceiling, projecting an animated pencil drawing of
a young female character pouring a liquid from one glass to another in an endless and poetic
gesture. Paradox of Praxis I (Sometimes Doing Something Leads to Nothing) (1997), a five–minute
video showing Alÿs pushing a block of ice through the center of Mexico City until nothing but a small
puddle of water remained, is an allusion to the hardship involved in the daily survival tactics of
many people in the region. Le Temps du Sommeil (1996―present) is an ongoing series composed of
more than 100 small canvases of approximately 4.3 x 6” each, which Alÿs continues to rework as a
sort of evolving record of visual ideas that develop out of actions or precede them.
A number of additional pieces are also on view at MoMA, including The Collector (1991-
2006), Instantáneas (1994-present), Cuentos Patrióticos (1997), En una Situación Dada (2000-10),
and Politics of Rehearsal (2005-07).
Francis Alÿs: A Story of Deception expands to MoMA PS1 with a series of works that
highlights the artist’s engagement with cities around the globe, from London to New York to Venice.
These projects, which include The Modern Procession (2002), Guards (2004), and Duett
(1999), reveal the sense of disconnection, fragmentation, and displacement often present in large
cities, and also playfully attempt to overcome such disjunctions. A Story of Deception (2003–06), a
16mm film depicting a mirage looming on the horizon in Patagonia, representing that which is
continually sought after yet inevitably out of reach, is also on view, along with Gringo (2003) as well
as paintings and sculptures from the artist's Déjà vu series.
The Modern Procession was commissioned by MoMA to mark the Museum’s temporary
relocation to Queens (2002–04) while its midtown building was undergoing a renovation and
expansion. Through video, photographs, and drawings, the installation documents a ceremonial
procession that occurred on June 23, 2002, in which Alÿs, musicians, and various participants
traveled from MoMA to MoMA QNS, carrying the artist Kiki Smith on a palanquin and representations
of works in the Museum’s collection, including works by Pablo Picasso, Marcel Duchamp, and Alberto
Giacometti. On view is a two-channel video of the event, along with numerous archival materials
related to it. The procession not only made the historic transition public and visible, but linked
Manhattan and Queens through ceremony and spectacle.
Guards includes a single-channel video in which Alÿs orchestrated the movements of 64
Royal Guards who entered The City of London by different streets, unaware of each other’s location.
Upon running into each other, the guards would fall into step and march together, looking for more
guards with which to join. Standing as a social allegory, the work reflects the tendency of individuals
to seek identity in group formations.
For the 1999 Venice Biennale, Alÿs created an unofficial performance for the occasion, titled
Duett. The piece begins with Alÿs entering Venice by train while fellow Belgian artist Honoré d’O
landed at the airport, and each man is carrying one half of a tuba. After drifting through the
labyrinth of streets, they eventually met three days later and reassembled the musical instrument.
The work is emblematic of Alÿs’s exploration of estranged or misplaced halves striving for
reconciliation. At MoMA PS1, Duett is displayed as a single-channel video along with photographic
documentation and ephemera related to the performance.
Francis Alÿs: A Story of Deception was initiated in collaboration with Tate Modern, London,
and WIELS Centre of Contemporary Art, Brussels. The Museum of Modern Art's exhibition is unique
in its focus on MoMA’s extensive holdings of Alÿs’s work, and takes advantage of the Museum’s two
venues in Manhattan (MoMA) and Queens (MoMA PS1). The decision to utilize both venues was
inspired in part by Alÿs’s The Modern Procession, a work commissioned by MoMA in 2002 to mark
the Museum's relocation to MoMA QNS, a temporary facility in Queens.
SPONSORSHIP:
The exhibition is made possible by a partnership with Volkswagen of America.
Major support is provided by MoMA’s Wallis Annenberg Fund for Innovation in Contemporary Art
through the Annenberg Foundation, Mr. Eugenio López Alonso, The International Council of The
Museum of Modern Art, and Jerry I. Speyer and Katherine G. Farley.
Additional funding is provided by The Contemporary Arts Council of The Museum of Modern Art and by
Flanders House, New York.
PUBLICATIONS:
Francis Alÿs: A Story of Deception is published by The Museum of Modern Art in conjunction with
the exhibition of the same name. More of a guidebook than a conventional monograph, the
publication reflects the spirit of the artist’s wandering practice. It features an introductory essay by
Mark Godfrey, Curator at Tate Modern; quotes from Alÿs’s writings and interviews compiled by Klaus
Biesenbach, organizer of the exhibition at MoMA and MoMA PS1; descriptions of Alÿs’s works; and
responses to Alÿs’s body of work from a wide range of critics. The book is co-published and
distributed outside North America by Tate Publishing. Paperback. 7.5 x 9.5 in.; 192 pp.; 132 color
ills. 978-0-87070-790-2.; $35.00.
Over the past two decades, Francis Alÿs has regularly used postcards to record his actions and
broadcast his ideas. Thirty of these postcards have been gathered into an artist’s book, Francis
Alÿs postcards, both a collectable object in its own right and a succinct introduction to Alÿs’s
career. The book is co-published and distributed outside North America by Tate Publishing.
Paperback. 4 x 6”; 30 illustrated postcards. 978-0-87070-799-5. $12.95
WEBSITE:
The exhibition is accompanied by an original interactive website, featuring images and video from
each of the works included in the exhibition. The website launches on May 8, 2011.
www.MoMA.org/francisalys
Press Contact:
Paul Jackson, (212) 708-9593, paul_jackson@moma.org
Margaret Doyle, (212) 408-6400, margaret_doyle@moma.org
Image: Francis Alÿs. The Modern Procession. 2002. Photographic documentation of an event. The Museum of Modern Art, New York. Gift of the Silverweed Foundation. © 2011 Francis Alÿs.
Press Preview: Tuesday, May 3, 2011, 9:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m.
Open to the public from May 8, 2011
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