For this site-specific project, the artist develops on his critique of the spectacle, converting the unique space of the former Red October Chocolate Factory into a Perspective Machine. Almost forty years ago, the theorist Guy Debord formulated what he called the Society of the Spectacle, a world regulated by images in which one experiences the representation of reality rather than reality itself. Pfeiffer is part of a new generation of young artists taking on the contemporary spectacle, in a society where advances in digital technology have reinvented the idea of an iconic image.
Curated by Maria Baibakova, Kate Sutton
BAIBAKOV art projects is proud to announce a collaboration with American artist Paul Pfeiffer, a special
project of the Third Moscow Biennale of Contemporary Art. Opening October 22, 2009 "Perspective
Machine" is the artist's first solo exhibition in Russia. For this site-specific project, the artist will develop
on his critique of the spectacle, converting the unique space of the former Red October Chocolate Factory
into a “Perspective Machine.”
Almost forty years ago, the theorist Guy Debord formulated what he called the "Society of the
Spectacle," a world regulated by images in which one experiences the representation of reality rather
than reality itself. Paul Pfeiffer is part of a new generation of young artists taking on the contemporary
spectacle, in a society where advances in digital technology have reinvented the idea of an iconic
image. Pfeiffer employs techniques such as zooming and cropping in his practice, focusing his
attention on a single detail, in such a way that the larger image becomes almost unrecognizable. His
work contrasts scale and modes of spectatorship, preserving the tension between what is revealed
and what is obscured.
The exhibition opens with a work that signals to the visitor that not everything is as it seems. In
Vertical Corridor, Pfeiffer encourages the viewer to peer through a tiny peephole in the wall of the
gallery, only for them to discover an impossibly massive space behind. This peephole is the only
access to this immense space, questioning the validity of the spectacle and reminding the viewer that
every such spectacle must bow to the limits of one's perspective.
In his photographic and video work, Pfeiffer explores the processes of image-making within the
context of the entertainment industry. Using found footage from television, film, and sports events, he
interferes with the construction of the spectacles they produce. The artist gives his images pseudo-
heroic titles, often culled from Judeo-Christian mythology. By suggesting contemporary celebritites as
the new saints, he reminds his viewers that sainthood has always been inherently dependent on the
power of the image.
Pfeiffer’s earliest works from the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse appropriate photographs of Marilyn
Monroe, a figure of enormous fascination and media fixation. In these, the artist digitally excavates all
traces of the actress’ body, shifting his attention to her surroundings, making the impact of her
presence, rather than her body, the focus of the work. The photographs are eerily luminous - a portrait of
a halo rather than a saint.
In later works from the same series, Pfeiffer shifts his attention to a different type of saint. Raiding the
archives of the NBA (National Basketball Association) the artist erases contextual elements, such as
scoreboards and baskets, to isolate individual players in a moment of athletic endeavour. Bodies appear
suspended in what is now senseless striving, recalling romantic tales of heroes and martyrs.
In John 3:16, a video work which is also drawn from the archives of the NBA, Pfeiffer presents the
events of a basketball game from the perspective of the ball. The ball itself remains fixed in the center
of the image, while players’ hands, baskets, and the court flash in and out of view. The video is
presented on a miniature wall-mounted monitor designed by the artist. It inspired a second and much
larger projection, The Morning after the
Deluge, which echoes the compositional arrangement of John 3:16 through its use of a central sphere.
This video was created by combining footage of a sunrise and sunset - as the sun sinks in the top
frame, it rises in the bottom, so that the "sun" remains complete, as the light around it shifts.
Curated by Maria Baibakova and Kate Sutton, "Perspective Machine" is the fifth exhibition from
BAIBAKOV art projects. “Perspective Machine” will run concurrently with the exhibition “Luc Tuymans:
Against the Day.” Both Pfeiffer and Tuymans address the construction of perspective in a culture of
spectacle using very different technique. Pfeiffer manipulates appropriated imagery to isolate and critique
the construction of the spectacle; Tuymans integrates his own perspective, reinterpreting images as
paintings. “Against the Day” finds its subject matter in sources as diverse as video games, reality
television shows, and cell phone photography, both complementing and contrasting with “Perspective
Machine.”
Editor’s notes: Paul Pfeiffer was born in Honolulu, Hawaii in 1966, but spent most of his childhood in the Philippines. In
1990, the artist relocated to New York, where he attended Hunter College and the Whitney Independent
Study Program.
Pfeiffer is the recipient of numerous awards and fellowships, most notably becoming the inaugural
recipient of The Bucksbaum Award given by the Whitney Museum of American Art (2000). In 2002,
Pfeiffer was an artist-in-
residence at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and at ArtPace in San Antonio, Texas. In 2003, a
traveling retrospective of his work was organized by the MIT List Visual Arts Center and the Museum of
Contemporary Art, Chicago.
Since that time, he has had solo exhibitons at institutions including MUSAC, León, Spain, and Thyssen
Bornemisza Art Contemporary, Vienna, Austria, and collaborated with initiatives including The Project,
New York, and Artangel, London. His work has been featured in exhibitions at SMAK, Ghent; The
Guggenheim, New York; MoMA, New York; Castello di Rivoli, Torino, Italy; and the Mori Art Museum,
Tokyo, and as part of the 49th Venice Biennale and the 2002 Busan Biennale.
Pfeiffer is represented by Thomas Dane Gallery, London, and Carlier Gebauer, Berlin.
Opening October 22, 2009
BAIBAKOV art projects
Red October Chocolate Factory
3rd Floor, Bersenevskaya Naberezhnaya, 6 Moscow
Hours: Tuesday- Sunday 11 - 19